Summary
UCLA researchers in the Department of Electrical Engineering have developed a Scanning Terahertz Nanoscopy (STN) system with significantly improved detection sensitivity and spatial resolution.
Background
Microscopic studies of the structural dynamics of biomolecules have been challenging, since methods like atomic force microscopy (AFM) present various spectral and operational constraints unfavorable to biology processes, such as vacuum or low temperature, and methods resembling fluorescence microscopy require labeling near active sites. Terahertz (THz) waves offer an alternative approach for label-free dynamic characterization of biomolecules with THz photon energies matching the binding energies of biomolecules. THz spectroscopy has been demonstrated with high sensitivity to conformational and femtosecond-scale dynamic variations of biomolecules. However, the existing THz spectroscopy systems are limited by their low detection sensitivity and limited spatial resolution. Enhancing the signal intensity and spatial resolution of THz spectroscopy systems will further release its great potential in label-free microscopic characterization.
Innovation
UCLA researchers in the Department of Electrical Engineering have developed a Scanning Terahertz Nanoscopy (STN) system with significantly improved detection sensitivity and spatial resolution. The invented STN system utilizes a plasmonic THz source and detector integrated with a novel tapered parallel plate waveguide in a time-domain THz spectroscopy system. The plasmonic THz source and detector provides orders of magnitude higher signal-to-noise ratio compared to existing time-domain THz spectroscopy systems. The tapered parallel plate waveguide focuses THz beam with nanoscale focus dimensions and couples the reflected THz beam from the sample to the plasmonic THz detector. Additionally, the invented STN system utilizes similar surface scanning platforms used in atomic force microscopy any temperature or vacuum requirements, allowing studies of complex biomolecule interactions under native conditions.
Applications
- Scanning Terahertz Nanoscopy systems for:
▶ Biomolecule structural dynamics
▶ Chemical reaction kinetics
▶ Pharmaceuticals
▶ Medical imaging and diagnostics
Advantages
▶ Label-free detection
▶ Femtosecond time-scale resolution
▶ Conformational variation tracking
▶ Studies under native reaction conditions
State Of Development
▶ Prototype under fabrication