Summary:
UCLA researchers in the Department of Radiological Sciences and Department of Biomedical Physics have developed a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that utilizes amine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) to capture pH-weighted images for measuring tissue acidity.
Background:
Changes in tissue pH are a strong indication of several disease conditions in humans and is particularly notable in cancerous tumors. Decreased pH in the tumor microenvironment has been implicated to be directly correlated with tumor growth and aggressiveness. Furthermore, tissue acidity is known to cause decreased immune function, hindering various therapies that are normally used to treat tumors, such as chemotherapy. Measurements of tissue pH can therefore be very useful for early diagnosis of tumors and identifying reliable treatment regimens for patients. While there are several methods for non-invasively measuring tissue pH, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and amide proton transfer (APT) imaging, there are downsides to these techniques. PET scans require the use of a radioactive exogenous agent while APT imaging is prone to image artifacts. Development of a fast, reliable, high-resolution method to acquire tissue pH measurements will significantly enhance current imaging technologies.
Innovation:
UCLA researchers have developed a noninvasive MRI technique to accurately measure tissue pH by chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). This technique does not require any exogenous contrast reagents and instead utilizes the intrinsic characteristics of the tissue. Unlike the similar APT imaging technique, this invention uses amine CEST which requires a shorter RF saturation preparation time, significantly reducing scan time and increasing image quality. Furthermore, amine CEST imaging shows increasing positive contrast with decreasing pH, lowering the risk for image artifacts as compared to APT imaging.
Applications:
- Non-invasive method of measuring tissue pH
Advantages:
- Does not require exogenous contrast reagents
- Less prone to image artifacts compared to APT imaging
- Shorter scan time
- Improved image quality due to acquisition of more image slices/averages
State of Development:
This invention has been developed and has been shown to consistently generate accurate images of glioblastoma patients.